Networking in Linux

Introduction to Networking:

What is an IP Address?

IP address is short for Internet Protocol Address. An IP Address is a 32bit unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate with each other on a computer network.  If two computers have the same IP addresses, it will cause conflict and cause problem. It can be seprated by dots "." Eg: 192.168.9.124

Public and Private IP Address:

 Public IP addresses are IP addresses used on Internet. They are internet route-able and are visible to the public. Most people who use Cable/DSL service at home/office obtain one dynamic Public IP address from ISP (Internet Service Provider).

Computers on a Local Area Network use Private IP addresses. 192.168.x.x is an example of a Private IP address.

Simple Network Devices:

 Networks??

A network is any collection of independent computers that communicate with one another over a shared network medium.

Types of Networks:

1. LAN- Local Area Network
2. MAN- Metropolitan Area Network
3. WAN- Wide Area Network
4. Internet
5. Intranet
6. VPN- Virtual Private Network

Categories of Networks:

• Peer-to-Peer
• Client-Server Based

 Network Architecture:

OSI Layer Model:

 Protocol:

        A protocol is a standard used to define a method of exchanging data over a computer network such as local area network, Internet, Intranet, etc. Each protocol has its own method of how data is formatted when sent and what to do with it once received, how that data is compressed or how to check for errors in data
       One of the most common and known protocols is HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol), which is a protocol used to transmit data over the world wide web (Internet). Below is a list of the various protocols currently listed in the Computer Hope dictionary.